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- // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
- /*
- * linux/init/main.c
- *
- * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
- *
- * GK 2/5/95 - Changed to support mounting root fs via NFS
- * Added initrd & change_root: Werner Almesberger & Hans Lermen, Feb '96
- * Moan early if gcc is old, avoiding bogus kernels - Paul Gortmaker, May '96
- * Simplified starting of init: Michael A. Griffith <grif@acm.org>
- */
- #define DEBUG /* Enable initcall_debug */
- #include <linux/types.h>
- #include <linux/extable.h>
- #include <linux/module.h>
- #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
- #include <linux/binfmts.h>
- #include <linux/kernel.h>
- #include <linux/syscalls.h>
- #include <linux/stackprotector.h>
- #include <linux/string.h>
- #include <linux/ctype.h>
- #include <linux/delay.h>
- #include <linux/ioport.h>
- #include <linux/init.h>
- #include <linux/initrd.h>
- #include <linux/memblock.h>
- #include <linux/acpi.h>
- #include <linux/bootconfig.h>
- #include <linux/console.h>
- #include <linux/nmi.h>
- #include <linux/percpu.h>
- #include <linux/kmod.h>
- #include <linux/kprobes.h>
- #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
- #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
- #include <linux/start_kernel.h>
- #include <linux/security.h>
- #include <linux/smp.h>
- #include <linux/profile.h>
- #include <linux/kfence.h>
- #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
- #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
- #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
- #include <linux/writeback.h>
- #include <linux/cpu.h>
- #include <linux/cpuset.h>
- #include <linux/cgroup.h>
- #include <linux/efi.h>
- #include <linux/tick.h>
- #include <linux/sched/isolation.h>
- #include <linux/interrupt.h>
- #include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
- #include <linux/delayacct.h>
- #include <linux/unistd.h>
- #include <linux/utsname.h>
- #include <linux/rmap.h>
- #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
- #include <linux/key.h>
- #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
- #include <linux/page_ext.h>
- #include <linux/debug_locks.h>
- #include <linux/debugobjects.h>
- #include <linux/lockdep.h>
- #include <linux/kmemleak.h>
- #include <linux/padata.h>
- #include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
- #include <linux/device/driver.h>
- #include <linux/kthread.h>
- #include <linux/sched.h>
- #include <linux/sched/init.h>
- #include <linux/signal.h>
- #include <linux/idr.h>
- #include <linux/kgdb.h>
- #include <linux/ftrace.h>
- #include <linux/async.h>
- #include <linux/sfi.h>
- #include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
- #include <linux/slab.h>
- #include <linux/perf_event.h>
- #include <linux/ptrace.h>
- #include <linux/pti.h>
- #include <linux/blkdev.h>
- #include <linux/elevator.h>
- #include <linux/sched/clock.h>
- #include <linux/sched/task.h>
- #include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
- #include <linux/context_tracking.h>
- #include <linux/random.h>
- #include <linux/list.h>
- #include <linux/integrity.h>
- #include <linux/proc_ns.h>
- #include <linux/io.h>
- #include <linux/cache.h>
- #include <linux/rodata_test.h>
- #include <linux/jump_label.h>
- #include <linux/mem_encrypt.h>
- #include <linux/kcsan.h>
- #include <linux/init_syscalls.h>
- #include <linux/stackdepot.h>
- #include <asm/io.h>
- #include <asm/bugs.h>
- #include <asm/setup.h>
- #include <asm/sections.h>
- #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
- #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
- #include <trace/events/initcall.h>
- #include <kunit/test.h>
- static int kernel_init(void *);
- extern void init_IRQ(void);
- extern void radix_tree_init(void);
- /*
- * Debug helper: via this flag we know that we are in 'early bootup code'
- * where only the boot processor is running with IRQ disabled. This means
- * two things - IRQ must not be enabled before the flag is cleared and some
- * operations which are not allowed with IRQ disabled are allowed while the
- * flag is set.
- */
- bool early_boot_irqs_disabled __read_mostly;
- enum system_states system_state __read_mostly;
- EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_state);
- /*
- * Boot command-line arguments
- */
- #define MAX_INIT_ARGS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
- #define MAX_INIT_ENVS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
- extern void time_init(void);
- /* Default late time init is NULL. archs can override this later. */
- void (*__initdata late_time_init)(void);
- /* Untouched command line saved by arch-specific code. */
- char __initdata boot_command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
- /* Untouched saved command line (eg. for /proc) */
- char *saved_command_line;
- /* Command line for parameter parsing */
- static char *static_command_line;
- /* Untouched extra command line */
- static char *extra_command_line;
- /* Extra init arguments */
- static char *extra_init_args;
- #ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG
- /* Is bootconfig on command line? */
- static bool bootconfig_found;
- static bool initargs_found;
- #else
- # define bootconfig_found false
- # define initargs_found false
- #endif
- static char *execute_command;
- static char *ramdisk_execute_command = "/init";
- /*
- * Used to generate warnings if static_key manipulation functions are used
- * before jump_label_init is called.
- */
- bool static_key_initialized __read_mostly;
- EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(static_key_initialized);
- /*
- * If set, this is an indication to the drivers that reset the underlying
- * device before going ahead with the initialization otherwise driver might
- * rely on the BIOS and skip the reset operation.
- *
- * This is useful if kernel is booting in an unreliable environment.
- * For ex. kdump situation where previous kernel has crashed, BIOS has been
- * skipped and devices will be in unknown state.
- */
- unsigned int reset_devices;
- EXPORT_SYMBOL(reset_devices);
- static int __init set_reset_devices(char *str)
- {
- reset_devices = 1;
- return 1;
- }
- __setup("reset_devices", set_reset_devices);
- static const char *argv_init[MAX_INIT_ARGS+2] = { "init", NULL, };
- const char *envp_init[MAX_INIT_ENVS+2] = { "HOME=/", "TERM=linux", NULL, };
- static const char *panic_later, *panic_param;
- extern const struct obs_kernel_param __setup_start[], __setup_end[];
- static bool __init obsolete_checksetup(char *line)
- {
- const struct obs_kernel_param *p;
- bool had_early_param = false;
- p = __setup_start;
- do {
- int n = strlen(p->str);
- if (parameqn(line, p->str, n)) {
- if (p->early) {
- /* Already done in parse_early_param?
- * (Needs exact match on param part).
- * Keep iterating, as we can have early
- * params and __setups of same names 8( */
- if (line[n] == '\0' || line[n] == '=')
- had_early_param = true;
- } else if (!p->setup_func) {
- pr_warn("Parameter %s is obsolete, ignored\n",
- p->str);
- return true;
- } else if (p->setup_func(line + n))
- return true;
- }
- p++;
- } while (p < __setup_end);
- return had_early_param;
- }
- /*
- * This should be approx 2 Bo*oMips to start (note initial shift), and will
- * still work even if initially too large, it will just take slightly longer
- */
- unsigned long loops_per_jiffy = (1<<12);
- EXPORT_SYMBOL(loops_per_jiffy);
- static int __init debug_kernel(char *str)
- {
- console_loglevel = CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_DEBUG;
- return 0;
- }
- static int __init quiet_kernel(char *str)
- {
- console_loglevel = CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_QUIET;
- return 0;
- }
- early_param("debug", debug_kernel);
- early_param("quiet", quiet_kernel);
- static int __init loglevel(char *str)
- {
- int newlevel;
- /*
- * Only update loglevel value when a correct setting was passed,
- * to prevent blind crashes (when loglevel being set to 0) that
- * are quite hard to debug
- */
- if (get_option(&str, &newlevel)) {
- console_loglevel = newlevel;
- return 0;
- }
- return -EINVAL;
- }
- early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
- #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
- static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size, u32 *_csum)
- {
- u32 size, csum;
- char *data;
- u32 *hdr;
- int i;
- if (!initrd_end)
- return NULL;
- data = (char *)initrd_end - BOOTCONFIG_MAGIC_LEN;
- /*
- * Since Grub may align the size of initrd to 4, we must
- * check the preceding 3 bytes as well.
- */
- for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
- if (!memcmp(data, BOOTCONFIG_MAGIC, BOOTCONFIG_MAGIC_LEN))
- goto found;
- data--;
- }
- return NULL;
- found:
- hdr = (u32 *)(data - 8);
- size = le32_to_cpu(hdr[0]);
- csum = le32_to_cpu(hdr[1]);
- data = ((void *)hdr) - size;
- if ((unsigned long)data < initrd_start) {
- pr_err("bootconfig size %d is greater than initrd size %ld\n",
- size, initrd_end - initrd_start);
- return NULL;
- }
- /* Remove bootconfig from initramfs/initrd */
- initrd_end = (unsigned long)data;
- if (_size)
- *_size = size;
- if (_csum)
- *_csum = csum;
- return data;
- }
- #else
- static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size, u32 *_csum)
- {
- return NULL;
- }
- #endif
- #ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG
- static char xbc_namebuf[XBC_KEYLEN_MAX] __initdata;
- #define rest(dst, end) ((end) > (dst) ? (end) - (dst) : 0)
- static int __init xbc_snprint_cmdline(char *buf, size_t size,
- struct xbc_node *root)
- {
- struct xbc_node *knode, *vnode;
- char *end = buf + size;
- const char *val;
- int ret;
- xbc_node_for_each_key_value(root, knode, val) {
- ret = xbc_node_compose_key_after(root, knode,
- xbc_namebuf, XBC_KEYLEN_MAX);
- if (ret < 0)
- return ret;
- vnode = xbc_node_get_child(knode);
- if (!vnode) {
- ret = snprintf(buf, rest(buf, end), "%s ", xbc_namebuf);
- if (ret < 0)
- return ret;
- buf += ret;
- continue;
- }
- xbc_array_for_each_value(vnode, val) {
- ret = snprintf(buf, rest(buf, end), "%s=\"%s\" ",
- xbc_namebuf, val);
- if (ret < 0)
- return ret;
- buf += ret;
- }
- }
- return buf - (end - size);
- }
- #undef rest
- /* Make an extra command line under given key word */
- static char * __init xbc_make_cmdline(const char *key)
- {
- struct xbc_node *root;
- char *new_cmdline;
- int ret, len = 0;
- root = xbc_find_node(key);
- if (!root)
- return NULL;
- /* Count required buffer size */
- len = xbc_snprint_cmdline(NULL, 0, root);
- if (len <= 0)
- return NULL;
- new_cmdline = memblock_alloc(len + 1, SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
- if (!new_cmdline) {
- pr_err("Failed to allocate memory for extra kernel cmdline.\n");
- return NULL;
- }
- ret = xbc_snprint_cmdline(new_cmdline, len + 1, root);
- if (ret < 0 || ret > len) {
- pr_err("Failed to print extra kernel cmdline.\n");
- memblock_free(__pa(new_cmdline), len + 1);
- return NULL;
- }
- return new_cmdline;
- }
- static int __init bootconfig_params(char *param, char *val,
- const char *unused, void *arg)
- {
- if (strcmp(param, "bootconfig") == 0) {
- bootconfig_found = true;
- }
- return 0;
- }
- static void __init setup_boot_config(const char *cmdline)
- {
- static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
- const char *msg;
- int pos;
- u32 size, csum;
- char *data, *copy, *err;
- int ret;
- /* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
- data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size, &csum);
- strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
- err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
- bootconfig_params);
- if (IS_ERR(err) || !bootconfig_found)
- return;
- /* parse_args() stops at '--' and returns an address */
- if (err)
- initargs_found = true;
- if (!data) {
- pr_err("'bootconfig' found on command line, but no bootconfig found\n");
- return;
- }
- if (size >= XBC_DATA_MAX) {
- pr_err("bootconfig size %d greater than max size %d\n",
- size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
- return;
- }
- if (xbc_calc_checksum(data, size) != csum) {
- pr_err("bootconfig checksum failed\n");
- return;
- }
- copy = memblock_alloc(size + 1, SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
- if (!copy) {
- pr_err("Failed to allocate memory for bootconfig\n");
- return;
- }
- memcpy(copy, data, size);
- copy[size] = '\0';
- ret = xbc_init(copy, &msg, &pos);
- if (ret < 0) {
- if (pos < 0)
- pr_err("Failed to init bootconfig: %s.\n", msg);
- else
- pr_err("Failed to parse bootconfig: %s at %d.\n",
- msg, pos);
- } else {
- pr_info("Load bootconfig: %d bytes %d nodes\n", size, ret);
- /* keys starting with "kernel." are passed via cmdline */
- extra_command_line = xbc_make_cmdline("kernel");
- /* Also, "init." keys are init arguments */
- extra_init_args = xbc_make_cmdline("init");
- }
- return;
- }
- #else
- static void __init setup_boot_config(const char *cmdline)
- {
- /* Remove bootconfig data from initrd */
- get_boot_config_from_initrd(NULL, NULL);
- }
- static int __init warn_bootconfig(char *str)
- {
- pr_warn("WARNING: 'bootconfig' found on the kernel command line but CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG is not set.\n");
- return 0;
- }
- early_param("bootconfig", warn_bootconfig);
- #endif
- /* Change NUL term back to "=", to make "param" the whole string. */
- static void __init repair_env_string(char *param, char *val)
- {
- if (val) {
- /* param=val or param="val"? */
- if (val == param+strlen(param)+1)
- val[-1] = '=';
- else if (val == param+strlen(param)+2) {
- val[-2] = '=';
- memmove(val-1, val, strlen(val)+1);
- } else
- BUG();
- }
- }
- /* Anything after -- gets handed straight to init. */
- static int __init set_init_arg(char *param, char *val,
- const char *unused, void *arg)
- {
- unsigned int i;
- if (panic_later)
- return 0;
- repair_env_string(param, val);
- for (i = 0; argv_init[i]; i++) {
- if (i == MAX_INIT_ARGS) {
- panic_later = "init";
- panic_param = param;
- return 0;
- }
- }
- argv_init[i] = param;
- return 0;
- }
- /*
- * Unknown boot options get handed to init, unless they look like
- * unused parameters (modprobe will find them in /proc/cmdline).
- */
- static int __init unknown_bootoption(char *param, char *val,
- const char *unused, void *arg)
- {
- size_t len = strlen(param);
- repair_env_string(param, val);
- /* Handle obsolete-style parameters */
- if (obsolete_checksetup(param))
- return 0;
- /* Unused module parameter. */
- if (strnchr(param, len, '.'))
- return 0;
- if (panic_later)
- return 0;
- if (val) {
- /* Environment option */
- unsigned int i;
- for (i = 0; envp_init[i]; i++) {
- if (i == MAX_INIT_ENVS) {
- panic_later = "env";
- panic_param = param;
- }
- if (!strncmp(param, envp_init[i], len+1))
- break;
- }
- envp_init[i] = param;
- } else {
- /* Command line option */
- unsigned int i;
- for (i = 0; argv_init[i]; i++) {
- if (i == MAX_INIT_ARGS) {
- panic_later = "init";
- panic_param = param;
- }
- }
- argv_init[i] = param;
- }
- return 0;
- }
- static int __init init_setup(char *str)
- {
- unsigned int i;
- execute_command = str;
- /*
- * In case LILO is going to boot us with default command line,
- * it prepends "auto" before the whole cmdline which makes
- * the shell think it should execute a script with such name.
- * So we ignore all arguments entered _before_ init=... [MJ]
- */
- for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++)
- argv_init[i] = NULL;
- return 1;
- }
- __setup("init=", init_setup);
- static int __init rdinit_setup(char *str)
- {
- unsigned int i;
- ramdisk_execute_command = str;
- /* See "auto" comment in init_setup */
- for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++)
- argv_init[i] = NULL;
- return 1;
- }
- __setup("rdinit=", rdinit_setup);
- #ifndef CONFIG_SMP
- static const unsigned int setup_max_cpus = NR_CPUS;
- static inline void setup_nr_cpu_ids(void) { }
- static inline void smp_prepare_cpus(unsigned int maxcpus) { }
- #endif
- /*
- * We need to store the untouched command line for future reference.
- * We also need to store the touched command line since the parameter
- * parsing is performed in place, and we should allow a component to
- * store reference of name/value for future reference.
- */
- static void __init setup_command_line(char *command_line)
- {
- size_t len, xlen = 0, ilen = 0;
- if (extra_command_line)
- xlen = strlen(extra_command_line);
- if (extra_init_args)
- ilen = strlen(extra_init_args) + 4; /* for " -- " */
- len = xlen + strlen(boot_command_line) + 1;
- saved_command_line = memblock_alloc(len + ilen, SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
- if (!saved_command_line)
- panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n", __func__, len + ilen);
- static_command_line = memblock_alloc(len, SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
- if (!static_command_line)
- panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n", __func__, len);
- if (xlen) {
- /*
- * We have to put extra_command_line before boot command
- * lines because there could be dashes (separator of init
- * command line) in the command lines.
- */
- strcpy(saved_command_line, extra_command_line);
- strcpy(static_command_line, extra_command_line);
- }
- strcpy(saved_command_line + xlen, boot_command_line);
- strcpy(static_command_line + xlen, command_line);
- if (ilen) {
- /*
- * Append supplemental init boot args to saved_command_line
- * so that user can check what command line options passed
- * to init.
- */
- len = strlen(saved_command_line);
- if (initargs_found) {
- saved_command_line[len++] = ' ';
- } else {
- strcpy(saved_command_line + len, " -- ");
- len += 4;
- }
- strcpy(saved_command_line + len, extra_init_args);
- }
- }
- /*
- * We need to finalize in a non-__init function or else race conditions
- * between the root thread and the init thread may cause start_kernel to
- * be reaped by free_initmem before the root thread has proceeded to
- * cpu_idle.
- *
- * gcc-3.4 accidentally inlines this function, so use noinline.
- */
- static __initdata DECLARE_COMPLETION(kthreadd_done);
- noinline void __ref rest_init(void)
- {
- struct task_struct *tsk;
- int pid;
- rcu_scheduler_starting();
- /*
- * We need to spawn init first so that it obtains pid 1, however
- * the init task will end up wanting to create kthreads, which, if
- * we schedule it before we create kthreadd, will OOPS.
- */
- pid = kernel_thread(kernel_init, NULL, CLONE_FS);
- /*
- * Pin init on the boot CPU. Task migration is not properly working
- * until sched_init_smp() has been run. It will set the allowed
- * CPUs for init to the non isolated CPUs.
- */
- rcu_read_lock();
- tsk = find_task_by_pid_ns(pid, &init_pid_ns);
- set_cpus_allowed_ptr(tsk, cpumask_of(smp_processor_id()));
- rcu_read_unlock();
- numa_default_policy();
- pid = kernel_thread(kthreadd, NULL, CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES);
- rcu_read_lock();
- kthreadd_task = find_task_by_pid_ns(pid, &init_pid_ns);
- rcu_read_unlock();
- /*
- * Enable might_sleep() and smp_processor_id() checks.
- * They cannot be enabled earlier because with CONFIG_PREEMPTION=y
- * kernel_thread() would trigger might_sleep() splats. With
- * CONFIG_PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY=y the init task might have scheduled
- * already, but it's stuck on the kthreadd_done completion.
- */
- system_state = SYSTEM_SCHEDULING;
- complete(&kthreadd_done);
- /*
- * The boot idle thread must execute schedule()
- * at least once to get things moving:
- */
- schedule_preempt_disabled();
- /* Call into cpu_idle with preempt disabled */
- cpu_startup_entry(CPUHP_ONLINE);
- }
- /* Check for early params. */
- static int __init do_early_param(char *param, char *val,
- const char *unused, void *arg)
- {
- const struct obs_kernel_param *p;
- for (p = __setup_start; p < __setup_end; p++) {
- if ((p->early && parameq(param, p->str)) ||
- (strcmp(param, "console") == 0 &&
- strcmp(p->str, "earlycon") == 0)
- ) {
- if (p->setup_func(val) != 0)
- pr_warn("Malformed early option '%s'\n", param);
- }
- }
- /* We accept everything at this stage. */
- return 0;
- }
- void __init parse_early_options(char *cmdline)
- {
- parse_args("early options", cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
- do_early_param);
- }
- /* Arch code calls this early on, or if not, just before other parsing. */
- void __init parse_early_param(void)
- {
- static int done __initdata;
- static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
- if (done)
- return;
- /* All fall through to do_early_param. */
- strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
- parse_early_options(tmp_cmdline);
- done = 1;
- }
- void __init __weak arch_post_acpi_subsys_init(void) { }
- void __init __weak smp_setup_processor_id(void)
- {
- }
- # if THREAD_SIZE >= PAGE_SIZE
- void __init __weak thread_stack_cache_init(void)
- {
- }
- #endif
- void __init __weak mem_encrypt_init(void) { }
- void __init __weak poking_init(void) { }
- void __init __weak pgtable_cache_init(void) { }
- bool initcall_debug;
- core_param(initcall_debug, initcall_debug, bool, 0644);
- #ifdef TRACEPOINTS_ENABLED
- static void __init initcall_debug_enable(void);
- #else
- static inline void initcall_debug_enable(void)
- {
- }
- #endif
- /* Report memory auto-initialization states for this boot. */
- static void __init report_meminit(void)
- {
- const char *stack;
- if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_INIT_STACK_ALL_PATTERN))
- stack = "all(pattern)";
- else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_INIT_STACK_ALL_ZERO))
- stack = "all(zero)";
- else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STRUCTLEAK_BYREF_ALL))
- stack = "byref_all(zero)";
- else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STRUCTLEAK_BYREF))
- stack = "byref(zero)";
- else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STRUCTLEAK_USER))
- stack = "__user(zero)";
- else
- stack = "off";
- pr_info("mem auto-init: stack:%s, heap alloc:%s, heap free:%s\n",
- stack, want_init_on_alloc(GFP_KERNEL) ? "on" : "off",
- want_init_on_free() ? "on" : "off");
- if (want_init_on_free())
- pr_info("mem auto-init: clearing system memory may take some time...\n");
- }
- /*
- * Set up kernel memory allocators
- */
- static void __init mm_init(void)
- {
- /*
- * page_ext requires contiguous pages,
- * bigger than MAX_ORDER unless SPARSEMEM.
- */
- page_ext_init_flatmem();
- init_mem_debugging_and_hardening();
- kfence_alloc_pool();
- report_meminit();
- stack_depot_init();
- mem_init();
- kmem_cache_init();
- kmemleak_init();
- pgtable_init();
- debug_objects_mem_init();
- vmalloc_init();
- ioremap_huge_init();
- /* Should be run before the first non-init thread is created */
- init_espfix_bsp();
- /* Should be run after espfix64 is set up. */
- pti_init();
- }
- void __init __weak arch_call_rest_init(void)
- {
- rest_init();
- }
- asmlinkage __visible void __init __no_sanitize_address start_kernel(void)
- {
- char *command_line;
- char *after_dashes;
- set_task_stack_end_magic(&init_task);
- smp_setup_processor_id();
- debug_objects_early_init();
- cgroup_init_early();
- local_irq_disable();
- early_boot_irqs_disabled = true;
- /*
- * Interrupts are still disabled. Do necessary setups, then
- * enable them.
- */
- boot_cpu_init();
- page_address_init();
- pr_notice("%s", linux_banner);
- early_security_init();
- setup_arch(&command_line);
- setup_boot_config(command_line);
- setup_command_line(command_line);
- setup_nr_cpu_ids();
- setup_per_cpu_areas();
- smp_prepare_boot_cpu(); /* arch-specific boot-cpu hooks */
- boot_cpu_hotplug_init();
- build_all_zonelists(NULL);
- page_alloc_init();
- pr_notice("Kernel command line: %s\n", saved_command_line);
- /* parameters may set static keys */
- jump_label_init();
- parse_early_param();
- after_dashes = parse_args("Booting kernel",
- static_command_line, __start___param,
- __stop___param - __start___param,
- -1, -1, NULL, &unknown_bootoption);
- if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(after_dashes))
- parse_args("Setting init args", after_dashes, NULL, 0, -1, -1,
- NULL, set_init_arg);
- if (extra_init_args)
- parse_args("Setting extra init args", extra_init_args,
- NULL, 0, -1, -1, NULL, set_init_arg);
- /*
- * These use large bootmem allocations and must precede
- * kmem_cache_init()
- */
- setup_log_buf(0);
- vfs_caches_init_early();
- sort_main_extable();
- trap_init();
- mm_init();
- ftrace_init();
- /* trace_printk can be enabled here */
- early_trace_init();
- /*
- * Set up the scheduler prior starting any interrupts (such as the
- * timer interrupt). Full topology setup happens at smp_init()
- * time - but meanwhile we still have a functioning scheduler.
- */
- sched_init();
- if (WARN(!irqs_disabled(),
- "Interrupts were enabled *very* early, fixing it\n"))
- local_irq_disable();
- radix_tree_init();
- /*
- * Set up housekeeping before setting up workqueues to allow the unbound
- * workqueue to take non-housekeeping into account.
- */
- housekeeping_init();
- /*
- * Allow workqueue creation and work item queueing/cancelling
- * early. Work item execution depends on kthreads and starts after
- * workqueue_init().
- */
- workqueue_init_early();
- rcu_init();
- /* Trace events are available after this */
- trace_init();
- if (initcall_debug)
- initcall_debug_enable();
- context_tracking_init();
- /* init some links before init_ISA_irqs() */
- early_irq_init();
- init_IRQ();
- tick_init();
- rcu_init_nohz();
- init_timers();
- hrtimers_init();
- softirq_init();
- timekeeping_init();
- kfence_init();
- /*
- * For best initial stack canary entropy, prepare it after:
- * - setup_arch() for any UEFI RNG entropy and boot cmdline access
- * - timekeeping_init() for ktime entropy used in rand_initialize()
- * - rand_initialize() to get any arch-specific entropy like RDRAND
- * - add_latent_entropy() to get any latent entropy
- * - adding command line entropy
- */
- rand_initialize();
- add_latent_entropy();
- add_device_randomness(command_line, strlen(command_line));
- boot_init_stack_canary();
- time_init();
- perf_event_init();
- profile_init();
- call_function_init();
- WARN(!irqs_disabled(), "Interrupts were enabled early\n");
- early_boot_irqs_disabled = false;
- local_irq_enable();
- kmem_cache_init_late();
- /*
- * HACK ALERT! This is early. We're enabling the console before
- * we've done PCI setups etc, and console_init() must be aware of
- * this. But we do want output early, in case something goes wrong.
- */
- console_init();
- if (panic_later)
- panic("Too many boot %s vars at `%s'", panic_later,
- panic_param);
- lockdep_init();
- /*
- * Need to run this when irqs are enabled, because it wants
- * to self-test [hard/soft]-irqs on/off lock inversion bugs
- * too:
- */
- locking_selftest();
- /*
- * This needs to be called before any devices perform DMA
- * operations that might use the SWIOTLB bounce buffers. It will
- * mark the bounce buffers as decrypted so that their usage will
- * not cause "plain-text" data to be decrypted when accessed.
- */
- mem_encrypt_init();
- #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
- if (initrd_start && !initrd_below_start_ok &&
- page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)) < min_low_pfn) {
- pr_crit("initrd overwritten (0x%08lx < 0x%08lx) - disabling it.\n",
- page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)),
- min_low_pfn);
- initrd_start = 0;
- }
- #endif
- setup_per_cpu_pageset();
- numa_policy_init();
- acpi_early_init();
- if (late_time_init)
- late_time_init();
- sched_clock_init();
- calibrate_delay();
- pid_idr_init();
- anon_vma_init();
- #ifdef CONFIG_X86
- if (efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES))
- efi_enter_virtual_mode();
- #endif
- thread_stack_cache_init();
- cred_init();
- fork_init();
- proc_caches_init();
- uts_ns_init();
- buffer_init();
- key_init();
- security_init();
- dbg_late_init();
- vfs_caches_init();
- pagecache_init();
- signals_init();
- seq_file_init();
- proc_root_init();
- nsfs_init();
- cpuset_init();
- cgroup_init();
- taskstats_init_early();
- delayacct_init();
- poking_init();
- check_bugs();
- acpi_subsystem_init();
- arch_post_acpi_subsys_init();
- sfi_init_late();
- kcsan_init();
- /* Do the rest non-__init'ed, we're now alive */
- arch_call_rest_init();
- prevent_tail_call_optimization();
- }
- /* Call all constructor functions linked into the kernel. */
- static void __init do_ctors(void)
- {
- #ifdef CONFIG_CONSTRUCTORS
- ctor_fn_t *fn = (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_start;
- for (; fn < (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_end; fn++)
- (*fn)();
- #endif
- }
- #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
- struct blacklist_entry {
- struct list_head next;
- char *buf;
- };
- static __initdata_or_module LIST_HEAD(blacklisted_initcalls);
- static int __init initcall_blacklist(char *str)
- {
- char *str_entry;
- struct blacklist_entry *entry;
- /* str argument is a comma-separated list of functions */
- do {
- str_entry = strsep(&str, ",");
- if (str_entry) {
- pr_debug("blacklisting initcall %s\n", str_entry);
- entry = memblock_alloc(sizeof(*entry),
- SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
- if (!entry)
- panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n",
- __func__, sizeof(*entry));
- entry->buf = memblock_alloc(strlen(str_entry) + 1,
- SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
- if (!entry->buf)
- panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n",
- __func__, strlen(str_entry) + 1);
- strcpy(entry->buf, str_entry);
- list_add(&entry->next, &blacklisted_initcalls);
- }
- } while (str_entry);
- return 1;
- }
- static bool __init_or_module initcall_blacklisted(initcall_t fn)
- {
- struct blacklist_entry *entry;
- char fn_name[KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN];
- unsigned long addr;
- if (list_empty(&blacklisted_initcalls))
- return false;
- addr = (unsigned long) dereference_function_descriptor(fn);
- sprint_symbol_no_offset(fn_name, addr);
- /*
- * fn will be "function_name [module_name]" where [module_name] is not
- * displayed for built-in init functions. Strip off the [module_name].
- */
- strreplace(fn_name, ' ', '\0');
- list_for_each_entry(entry, &blacklisted_initcalls, next) {
- if (!strcmp(fn_name, entry->buf)) {
- pr_debug("initcall %s blacklisted\n", fn_name);
- return true;
- }
- }
- return false;
- }
- #else
- static int __init initcall_blacklist(char *str)
- {
- pr_warn("initcall_blacklist requires CONFIG_KALLSYMS\n");
- return 0;
- }
- static bool __init_or_module initcall_blacklisted(initcall_t fn)
- {
- return false;
- }
- #endif
- __setup("initcall_blacklist=", initcall_blacklist);
- static __init_or_module void
- trace_initcall_start_cb(void *data, initcall_t fn)
- {
- ktime_t *calltime = (ktime_t *)data;
- printk(KERN_DEBUG "calling %pS @ %i\n", fn, task_pid_nr(current));
- *calltime = ktime_get();
- }
- static __init_or_module void
- trace_initcall_finish_cb(void *data, initcall_t fn, int ret)
- {
- ktime_t *calltime = (ktime_t *)data;
- ktime_t delta, rettime;
- unsigned long long duration;
- rettime = ktime_get();
- delta = ktime_sub(rettime, *calltime);
- duration = (unsigned long long) ktime_to_ns(delta) >> 10;
- printk(KERN_DEBUG "initcall %pS returned %d after %lld usecs\n",
- fn, ret, duration);
- }
- static ktime_t initcall_calltime;
- #ifdef TRACEPOINTS_ENABLED
- static void __init initcall_debug_enable(void)
- {
- int ret;
- ret = register_trace_initcall_start(trace_initcall_start_cb,
- &initcall_calltime);
- ret |= register_trace_initcall_finish(trace_initcall_finish_cb,
- &initcall_calltime);
- WARN(ret, "Failed to register initcall tracepoints\n");
- }
- # define do_trace_initcall_start trace_initcall_start
- # define do_trace_initcall_finish trace_initcall_finish
- #else
- static inline void do_trace_initcall_start(initcall_t fn)
- {
- if (!initcall_debug)
- return;
- trace_initcall_start_cb(&initcall_calltime, fn);
- }
- static inline void do_trace_initcall_finish(initcall_t fn, int ret)
- {
- if (!initcall_debug)
- return;
- trace_initcall_finish_cb(&initcall_calltime, fn, ret);
- }
- #endif /* !TRACEPOINTS_ENABLED */
- int __init_or_module do_one_initcall(initcall_t fn)
- {
- int count = preempt_count();
- char msgbuf[64];
- int ret;
- if (initcall_blacklisted(fn))
- return -EPERM;
- do_trace_initcall_start(fn);
- ret = fn();
- do_trace_initcall_finish(fn, ret);
- msgbuf[0] = 0;
- if (preempt_count() != count) {
- sprintf(msgbuf, "preemption imbalance ");
- preempt_count_set(count);
- }
- if (irqs_disabled()) {
- strlcat(msgbuf, "disabled interrupts ", sizeof(msgbuf));
- local_irq_enable();
- }
- WARN(msgbuf[0], "initcall %pS returned with %s\n", fn, msgbuf);
- add_latent_entropy();
- return ret;
- }
- extern initcall_entry_t __initcall_start[];
- extern initcall_entry_t __initcall0_start[];
- extern initcall_entry_t __initcall1_start[];
- extern initcall_entry_t __initcall2_start[];
- extern initcall_entry_t __initcall3_start[];
- extern initcall_entry_t __initcall4_start[];
- extern initcall_entry_t __initcall5_start[];
- extern initcall_entry_t __initcall6_start[];
- extern initcall_entry_t __initcall7_start[];
- extern initcall_entry_t __initcall_end[];
- static initcall_entry_t *initcall_levels[] __initdata = {
- __initcall0_start,
- __initcall1_start,
- __initcall2_start,
- __initcall3_start,
- __initcall4_start,
- __initcall5_start,
- __initcall6_start,
- __initcall7_start,
- __initcall_end,
- };
- /* Keep these in sync with initcalls in include/linux/init.h */
- static const char *initcall_level_names[] __initdata = {
- "pure",
- "core",
- "postcore",
- "arch",
- "subsys",
- "fs",
- "device",
- "late",
- };
- static int __init ignore_unknown_bootoption(char *param, char *val,
- const char *unused, void *arg)
- {
- return 0;
- }
- static void __init do_initcall_level(int level, char *command_line)
- {
- initcall_entry_t *fn;
- parse_args(initcall_level_names[level],
- command_line, __start___param,
- __stop___param - __start___param,
- level, level,
- NULL, ignore_unknown_bootoption);
- trace_initcall_level(initcall_level_names[level]);
- for (fn = initcall_levels[level]; fn < initcall_levels[level+1]; fn++)
- do_one_initcall(initcall_from_entry(fn));
- }
- static void __init do_initcalls(void)
- {
- int level;
- size_t len = strlen(saved_command_line) + 1;
- char *command_line;
- command_line = kzalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
- if (!command_line)
- panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n", __func__, len);
- for (level = 0; level < ARRAY_SIZE(initcall_levels) - 1; level++) {
- /* Parser modifies command_line, restore it each time */
- strcpy(command_line, saved_command_line);
- do_initcall_level(level, command_line);
- }
- kfree(command_line);
- }
- /*
- * Ok, the machine is now initialized. None of the devices
- * have been touched yet, but the CPU subsystem is up and
- * running, and memory and process management works.
- *
- * Now we can finally start doing some real work..
- */
- static void __init do_basic_setup(void)
- {
- cpuset_init_smp();
- driver_init();
- init_irq_proc();
- do_ctors();
- usermodehelper_enable();
- do_initcalls();
- }
- static void __init do_pre_smp_initcalls(void)
- {
- initcall_entry_t *fn;
- trace_initcall_level("early");
- for (fn = __initcall_start; fn < __initcall0_start; fn++)
- do_one_initcall(initcall_from_entry(fn));
- }
- static int run_init_process(const char *init_filename)
- {
- const char *const *p;
- argv_init[0] = init_filename;
- pr_info("Run %s as init process\n", init_filename);
- pr_debug(" with arguments:\n");
- for (p = argv_init; *p; p++)
- pr_debug(" %s\n", *p);
- pr_debug(" with environment:\n");
- for (p = envp_init; *p; p++)
- pr_debug(" %s\n", *p);
- return kernel_execve(init_filename, argv_init, envp_init);
- }
- static int try_to_run_init_process(const char *init_filename)
- {
- int ret;
- ret = run_init_process(init_filename);
- if (ret && ret != -ENOENT) {
- pr_err("Starting init: %s exists but couldn't execute it (error %d)\n",
- init_filename, ret);
- }
- return ret;
- }
- static noinline void __init kernel_init_freeable(void);
- #if defined(CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX) || defined(CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX)
- bool rodata_enabled __ro_after_init = true;
- static int __init set_debug_rodata(char *str)
- {
- if (strtobool(str, &rodata_enabled))
- pr_warn("Invalid option string for rodata: '%s'\n", str);
- return 1;
- }
- __setup("rodata=", set_debug_rodata);
- #endif
- #ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
- static void mark_readonly(void)
- {
- if (rodata_enabled) {
- /*
- * load_module() results in W+X mappings, which are cleaned
- * up with call_rcu(). Let's make sure that queued work is
- * flushed so that we don't hit false positives looking for
- * insecure pages which are W+X.
- */
- rcu_barrier();
- mark_rodata_ro();
- rodata_test();
- } else
- pr_info("Kernel memory protection disabled.\n");
- }
- #elif defined(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX)
- static inline void mark_readonly(void)
- {
- pr_warn("Kernel memory protection not selected by kernel config.\n");
- }
- #else
- static inline void mark_readonly(void)
- {
- pr_warn("This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.\n");
- }
- #endif
- void __weak free_initmem(void)
- {
- free_initmem_default(POISON_FREE_INITMEM);
- }
- static int __ref kernel_init(void *unused)
- {
- int ret;
- kernel_init_freeable();
- /* need to finish all async __init code before freeing the memory */
- async_synchronize_full();
- kprobe_free_init_mem();
- ftrace_free_init_mem();
- kgdb_free_init_mem();
- free_initmem();
- mark_readonly();
- /*
- * Kernel mappings are now finalized - update the userspace page-table
- * to finalize PTI.
- */
- pti_finalize();
- system_state = SYSTEM_RUNNING;
- numa_default_policy();
- rcu_end_inkernel_boot();
- do_sysctl_args();
- if (ramdisk_execute_command) {
- ret = run_init_process(ramdisk_execute_command);
- if (!ret)
- return 0;
- pr_err("Failed to execute %s (error %d)\n",
- ramdisk_execute_command, ret);
- }
- /*
- * We try each of these until one succeeds.
- *
- * The Bourne shell can be used instead of init if we are
- * trying to recover a really broken machine.
- */
- if (execute_command) {
- ret = run_init_process(execute_command);
- if (!ret)
- return 0;
- panic("Requested init %s failed (error %d).",
- execute_command, ret);
- }
- if (CONFIG_DEFAULT_INIT[0] != '\0') {
- ret = run_init_process(CONFIG_DEFAULT_INIT);
- if (ret)
- pr_err("Default init %s failed (error %d)\n",
- CONFIG_DEFAULT_INIT, ret);
- else
- return 0;
- }
- if (!try_to_run_init_process("/sbin/init") ||
- !try_to_run_init_process("/etc/init") ||
- !try_to_run_init_process("/bin/init") ||
- !try_to_run_init_process("/bin/sh"))
- return 0;
- panic("No working init found. Try passing init= option to kernel. "
- "See Linux Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst for guidance.");
- }
- /* Open /dev/console, for stdin/stdout/stderr, this should never fail */
- void __init console_on_rootfs(void)
- {
- struct file *file = filp_open("/dev/console", O_RDWR, 0);
- if (IS_ERR(file)) {
- pr_err("Warning: unable to open an initial console.\n");
- return;
- }
- init_dup(file);
- init_dup(file);
- init_dup(file);
- fput(file);
- }
- static noinline void __init kernel_init_freeable(void)
- {
- /*
- * Wait until kthreadd is all set-up.
- */
- wait_for_completion(&kthreadd_done);
- /* Now the scheduler is fully set up and can do blocking allocations */
- gfp_allowed_mask = __GFP_BITS_MASK;
- /*
- * init can allocate pages on any node
- */
- set_mems_allowed(node_states[N_MEMORY]);
- cad_pid = get_pid(task_pid(current));
- smp_prepare_cpus(setup_max_cpus);
- workqueue_init();
- init_mm_internals();
- rcu_init_tasks_generic();
- do_pre_smp_initcalls();
- lockup_detector_init();
- smp_init();
- sched_init_smp();
- padata_init();
- page_alloc_init_late();
- /* Initialize page ext after all struct pages are initialized. */
- page_ext_init();
- do_basic_setup();
- kunit_run_all_tests();
- console_on_rootfs();
- /*
- * check if there is an early userspace init. If yes, let it do all
- * the work
- */
- if (init_eaccess(ramdisk_execute_command) != 0) {
- ramdisk_execute_command = NULL;
- prepare_namespace();
- }
- /*
- * Ok, we have completed the initial bootup, and
- * we're essentially up and running. Get rid of the
- * initmem segments and start the user-mode stuff..
- *
- * rootfs is available now, try loading the public keys
- * and default modules
- */
- integrity_load_keys();
- }
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