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@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ console shall be opened immediately. Boot output should look like the following:
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U-Boot 2020.04-rc2-00087-g2221cc09c1-dirty (Feb 28 2020 - 13:53:09 -0500)
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DRAM: 8 MiB
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+ MMC: spi@53000000:slot@0: 0
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In: serial@38000000
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Out: serial@38000000
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Err: serial@38000000
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@@ -118,14 +119,115 @@ The value of FW_PAYLOAD_OFFSET must match CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE - 0x80000000.
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The file to flash is build/platform/kendryte/k210/firmware/fw_payload.bin.
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+Booting
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+^^^^^^^
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+
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+The default boot process is to load and boot the files ``/uImage`` and
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+``/k210.dtb`` off of the first partition of the MMC. For Linux, this will result
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+in an output like
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+
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+.. code-block:: none
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+
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+ U-Boot 2020.10-00691-gd1d651d988-dirty (Oct 16 2020 - 17:05:24 -0400)
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+
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+ DRAM: 8 MiB
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+ MMC: spi@53000000:slot@0: 0
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+ Loading Environment from SPIFlash... SF: Detected w25q128fw with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 16 MiB
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+ OK
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+ In: serial@38000000
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+ Out: serial@38000000
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+ Err: serial@38000000
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+ Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
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+ 1827380 bytes read in 1044 ms (1.7 MiB/s)
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+ 13428 bytes read in 10 ms (1.3 MiB/s)
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+ ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 80060000 ...
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+ Image Name: linux
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+ Image Type: RISC-V Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
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+ Data Size: 1827316 Bytes = 1.7 MiB
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+ Load Address: 80000000
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+ Entry Point: 80000000
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+ Verifying Checksum ... OK
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+ ## Flattened Device Tree blob at 80400000
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+ Booting using the fdt blob at 0x80400000
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+ Loading Kernel Image
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+ Loading Device Tree to 00000000803f9000, end 00000000803ff473 ... OK
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+
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+ Starting kernel ...
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+
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+ [ 0.000000] Linux version 5.9.0-00021-g6dcc2f0814c6-dirty (sean@godwin) (riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc (GCC) 10.2.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.35) #34 SMP Fri Oct 16 14:40:57 EDT 2020
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+ [ 0.000000] earlycon: sifive0 at MMIO 0x0000000038000000 (options '115200n8')
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+ [ 0.000000] printk: bootconsole [sifive0] enabled
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+ [ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
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+ [ 0.000000] DMA32 [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x00000000807fffff]
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+ [ 0.000000] Normal empty
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+ [ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
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+ [ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
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+ [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x00000000807fffff]
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+ [ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x00000000807fffff]
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+ [ 0.000000] riscv: ISA extensions acdfgim
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+ [ 0.000000] riscv: ELF capabilities acdfim
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+ [ 0.000000] percpu: max_distance=0x18000 too large for vmalloc space 0x0
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+ [ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded 12 pages/cpu s18848 r0 d30304 u49152
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+ [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping off. Total pages: 2020
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+ [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: earlycon console=ttySIF0
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+ [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 1, 8192 bytes, linear)
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+ [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes, linear)
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+ [ 0.000000] Sorting __ex_table...
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+ [ 0.000000] mem auto-init: stack:off, heap alloc:off, heap free:off
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+ [ 0.000000] Memory: 6004K/8192K available (1139K kernel code, 126K rwdata, 198K rodata, 90K init, 81K bss, 2188K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
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+ [ 0.000000] rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation.
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+ [ 0.000000] rcu: RCU calculated value of scheduler-enlistment delay is 25 jiffies.
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+ [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 64, nr_irqs: 64, preallocated irqs: 0
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+ [ 0.000000] riscv-intc: 64 local interrupts mapped
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+ [ 0.000000] plic: interrupt-controller@C000000: mapped 65 interrupts with 2 handlers for 2 contexts.
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+ [ 0.000000] random: get_random_bytes called from 0x00000000800019a8 with crng_init=0
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+ [ 0.000000] k210-clk: clock-controller
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+ [ 0.000000] k210-clk: clock-controller: fixed-rate 26 MHz osc base clock
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+ [ 0.000000] clint: clint@2000000: timer running at 7800000 Hz
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+ [ 0.000000] clocksource: clint_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x3990be68b, max_idle_ns: 881590404272 ns
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+ [ 0.000014] sched_clock: 64 bits at 7MHz, resolution 128ns, wraps every 4398046511054ns
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+ [ 0.008450] Console: colour dummy device 80x25
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+ [ 0.012494] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 15.60 BogoMIPS (lpj=31200)
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+ [ 0.022693] pid_max: default: 4096 minimum: 301
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+ [ 0.027352] Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes, linear)
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+ [ 0.034428] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes, linear)
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+ [ 0.045099] rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
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+ [ 0.050048] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
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+ [ 0.055417] smp: Brought up 1 node, 2 CPUs
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+ [ 0.059602] devtmpfs: initialized
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+ [ 0.082796] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns
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+ [ 0.091820] futex hash table entries: 16 (order: -2, 1024 bytes, linear)
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+ [ 0.098507] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
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+ [ 0.140938] clocksource: Switched to clocksource clint_clocksource
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+ [ 0.247216] workingset: timestamp_bits=62 max_order=11 bucket_order=0
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+ [ 0.277392] k210-fpioa 502b0000.pinmux: K210 FPIOA pin controller
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+ [ 0.291724] k210-sysctl 50440000.syscon: K210 system controller
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+ [ 0.305317] k210-rst 50440000.syscon:reset-controller: K210 reset controller
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+ [ 0.313808] 38000000.serial: ttySIF0 at MMIO 0x38000000 (irq = 1, base_baud = 115200) is a SiFive UART v0
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+ [ 0.322712] printk: console [ttySIF0] enabled
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+ [ 0.322712] printk: console [ttySIF0] enabled
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+ [ 0.331328] printk: bootconsole [sifive0] disabled
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+ [ 0.331328] printk: bootconsole [sifive0] disabled
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+ [ 0.353347] Freeing unused kernel memory: 88K
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+ [ 0.357004] This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.
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+ [ 0.363397] Run /init as init process
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+
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+Loading, Booting, and Storing Images
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+------------------------------------
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+
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+.. _loading:
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+
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Loading Images
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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-To load a kernel, transfer it over serial.
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+Serial
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+""""""
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+
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+Use the ``loady`` command to load images over serial.
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.. code-block:: none
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- => loady 80000000 1500000
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+ => loady $loadaddr 1500000
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## Switch baudrate to 1500000 bps and press ENTER ...
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*** baud: 1500000
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@@ -150,6 +252,61 @@ To load a kernel, transfer it over serial.
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*** baud: 115200 ***
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=>
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+This command does not set ``$filesize``, so it may need to be set manually.
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+
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+SPI Flash
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+"""""""""
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+
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+To load an image off of SPI flash, first set up a partition as described in
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+:ref:`partitions`. Then, use ``mtd`` to load that partition
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+
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+.. code-block:: none
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+
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+ => sf probe
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+ SF: Detected w25q128fw with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 16 MiB
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+ => mtd read linux $loadaddr
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+ Reading 2097152 byte(s) at offset 0x00000000
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+
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+This command does not set ``$filesize``, so it may need to be set manually.
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+
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+MMC
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+"""
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+
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+The MMC device number is 0. To list partitions on the device, use ``part``:
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+
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+.. code-block:: none
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+
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+ => part list mmc 0
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+
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+ Partition Map for MMC device 0 -- Partition Type: EFI
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+
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+ Part Start LBA End LBA Name
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+ Attributes
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+ Type GUID
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+ Partition GUID
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+ 1 0x00000800 0x039effde "boot"
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+ attrs: 0x0000000000000000
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+ type: c12a7328-f81f-11d2-ba4b-00a0c93ec93b
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+ guid: 96161f7d-7113-4cc7-9a24-08ab7fc5cb72
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+
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+To list files, use ``ls``:
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+
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+.. code-block:: none
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+
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+ => ls mmc 0:1
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+ <DIR> 4096 .
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+ <DIR> 4096 ..
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+ <DIR> 16384 lost+found
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+ 13428 k210.dtb
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+ 1827380 uImage
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+
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+To load a file, use ``load``:
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+
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+.. code-block:: none
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+
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+ => load mmc 0:1 $loadaddr uImage
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+ 1827380 bytes read in 1049 ms (1.7 MiB/s)
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+
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Running Programs
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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@@ -160,20 +317,6 @@ To run a bare binary, use the ``go`` command:
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.. code-block:: none
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- => loady
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- ## Ready for binary (ymodem) download to 0x80000000 at 115200 bps...
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- C
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- *** file: ./examples/standalone/hello_world.bin
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- $ sz -vv ./examples/standalone/hello_world.bin
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- Sending: hello_world.bin
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- Bytes Sent: 4864 BPS:649
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- Sending:
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- Ymodem sectors/kbytes sent: 0/ 0k
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- Transfer complete
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-
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- *** exit status: 0 ***
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- (CAN) packets, 5 retries
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- ## Total Size = 0x000012f8 = 4856 Bytes
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=> go 80000000
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## Starting application at 0x80000000 ...
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Example expects ABI version 9
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@@ -184,51 +327,127 @@ To run a bare binary, use the ``go`` command:
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argv[1] = "<NULL>"
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Hit any key to exit ...
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+Note that this will only start a program on one hart. As-of this writing it is
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+only possible to start a program on multiple harts using the ``bootm`` command.
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+
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Legacy Images
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"""""""""""""
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-To run legacy images, use the ``bootm`` command:
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+To create a legacy image, use ``tools/mkimage``:
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.. code-block:: none
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- $ tools/mkimage -A riscv -O u-boot -T standalone -C none -a 80000000 -e 80000000 -d examples/standalone/hello_world.bin hello_world.img
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- Image Name:
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- Created: Thu Mar 5 12:04:10 2020
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- Image Type: RISC-V U-Boot Standalone Program (uncompressed)
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- Data Size: 4856 Bytes = 4.74 KiB = 0.00 MiB
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+ $ tools/mkimage -A riscv -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0x80000000 -e 0x80000000 -n linux -d ../linux-git/arch/riscv/boot/Image uImage
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+ Image Name: linux
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+ Created: Fri Oct 16 17:36:32 2020
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+ Image Type: RISC-V Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
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+ Data Size: 1827316 Bytes = 1784.49 KiB = 1.74 MiB
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Load Address: 80000000
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Entry Point: 80000000
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- $ picocom -b 115200 /dev/ttyUSB0
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- => loady
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- ## Ready for binary (ymodem) download to 0x80000000 at 115200 bps...
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- C
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- *** file: hello_world.img
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- $ sz -vv hello_world.img
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- Sending: hello_world.img
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- Bytes Sent: 4992 BPS:665
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- Sending:
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- Ymodem sectors/kbytes sent: 0/ 0k
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- Transfer complete
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+The ``bootm`` command also requires an FDT, even if the image doesn't require
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+one. After loading the image to ``$loadaddr`` and the FDT to ``$fdt_addr_r``,
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+boot with:
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- *** exit status: 0 ***
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- CAN) packets, 3 retries
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- ## Total Size = 0x00001338 = 4920 Bytes
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- => bootm
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- ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 80000000 ...
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- Image Name:
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- Image Type: RISC-V U-Boot Standalone Program (uncompressed)
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- Data Size: 4856 Bytes = 4.7 KiB
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+.. code-block:: none
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+
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+ => bootm $loadaddr - $fdt_addr_r
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+ ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 80060000 ...
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+ Image Name: linux
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+ Image Type: RISC-V Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
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+ Data Size: 1827316 Bytes = 1.7 MiB
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Load Address: 80000000
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Entry Point: 80000000
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Verifying Checksum ... OK
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- Loading Standalone Program
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- Example expects ABI version 9
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- Actual U-Boot ABI version 9
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- Hello World
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- argc = 0
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- argv[0] = "<NULL>"
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- Hit any key to exit ...
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+ ## Flattened Device Tree blob at 80400000
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+ Booting using the fdt blob at 0x80400000
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+ Loading Kernel Image
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+ Loading Device Tree to 00000000803f9000, end 00000000803ff473 ... OK
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+
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+ Starting kernel ...
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+
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+The FDT is verified after the kernel is relocated, so it must be loaded high
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+enough so that it won't be overwritten. The default values for ``$loadaddr``
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+and ``$fdt_addr_r`` should provide ample headroom for most use-cases.
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+
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+Flashing Images
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+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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+
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+SPI Flash
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+"""""""""
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+
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+To flash data to SPI flash, first load it using one of the methods in
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+:ref:`loading`. Addiotionally, create some partitions as described in
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+:ref:`partitions`. Then use the ``mtd`` command:
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+
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+.. code-block:: none
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+
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+ => sf probe
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+ SF: Detected w25q128fw with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 16 MiB
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+ => mtd write linux $loadaddr 0 $filesize
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+ Writing 2478162 byte(s) at offset 0x00000000
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+
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+Note that in order to write a bootable image, a header and tailer must be added.
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+
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+MMC
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+"""
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+
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+MMC writes are unsupported for now.
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+
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+SPI Flash
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+^^^^^^^^^
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+
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+Sipeed MAIX boards typically provide around 16 MiB of SPI NOR flash. U-Boot is
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+stored in the first 1 MiB or so of this flash. U-Boot's environment is stored at
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+the end of flash.
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+
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+.. _partitions:
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+
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+Partitions
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+""""""""""
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+
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+There is no set data layout. The default partition layout only allocates
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+partitions for U-Boot and its default environment
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+
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+.. code-block:: none
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+
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+ => mtd list
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+ List of MTD devices:
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+ * nor0
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+ - type: NOR flash
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+ - block size: 0x1000 bytes
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+ - min I/O: 0x1 bytes
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+ - 0x000000000000-0x000001000000 : "nor0"
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+ - 0x000000000000-0x000000100000 : "u-boot"
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+ - 0x000000fff000-0x000001000000 : "env"
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+
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+As an example, to allocate 2MiB for Linux and (almost) 13 MiB for other data,
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+set the ``mtdparts`` like:
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+
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+.. code-block:: none
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+
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+ => env set mtdparts nor0:1M(u-boot),2M(linux),0xcff000(data),0x1000@0xfff000(env)
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+ => mtd list
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+ List of MTD devices:
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+ * nor0
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+ - type: NOR flash
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+ - block size: 0x1000 bytes
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+ - min I/O: 0x1 bytes
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+ - 0x000000000000-0x000001000000 : "nor0"
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+ - 0x000000000000-0x000000100000 : "u-boot"
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+ - 0x000000100000-0x000000300000 : "linux"
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+ - 0x000000300000-0x000000fff000 : "data"
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+ - 0x000000fff000-0x000001000000 : "env"
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+
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+To make these changes permanent, save the environment:
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+
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+.. code-block:: none
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+
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+ => env save
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+ Saving Environment to SPIFlash... Erasing SPI flash...Writing to SPI flash...done
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+ OK
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+
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+U-Boot will always load the environment from the last 4 KiB of flash.
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Pin Assignment
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--------------
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