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- .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
- NDS32
- =====
- NDS32 is a new high-performance 32-bit RISC microprocessor core.
- http://www.andestech.com/
- AndeStar ISA
- ------------
- AndeStar is a patent-pending 16-bit/32-bit mixed-length instruction set to
- achieve optimal system performance, code density, and power efficiency.
- It contains the following features:
- - Intermixable 32-bit and 16-bit instruction sets without the need for
- mode switch.
- - 16-bit instructions as a frequently used subset of 32-bit instructions.
- - RISC-style register-based instruction set.
- - 32 32-bit General Purpose Registers (GPR).
- - Upto 1024 User Special Registers (USR) for existing and extension
- instructions.
- - Rich load/store instructions for...
- - Single memory access with base address update.
- - Multiple aligned and unaligned memory accesses for memory copy and stack
- operations.
- - Data prefetch to improve data cache performance.
- - Non-bus locking synchronization instructions.
- - PC relative jump and PC read instructions for efficient position independent
- code.
- - Multiply-add and multiple-sub with 64-bit accumulator.
- - Instruction for efficient power management.
- - Bi-endian support.
- - Three instruction extension space for application acceleration:
- - Performance extension.
- - Andes future extensions (for floating-point, multimedia, etc.)
- - Customer extensions.
- AndesCore CPU
- -------------
- Andes Technology has 4 families of CPU cores: N12, N10, N9, N8.
- For details about N12 CPU family, please check below N1213 features.
- N1213 is a configurable hard/soft core of NDS32's N12 CPU family.
- N1213 Features
- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
- CPU Core
- - 16-/32-bit mixable instruction format.
- - 32 general-purpose 32-bit registers.
- - 8-stage pipeline.
- - Dynamic branch prediction.
- - 32/64/128/256 BTB.
- - Return address stack (RAS).
- - Vector interrupts for internal/external.
- interrupt controller with 6 hardware interrupt signals.
- - 3 HW-level nested interruptions.
- - User and super-user mode support.
- - Memory-mapped I/O.
- - Address space up to 4GB.
- Memory Management Unit
- - TLB
- - 4/8-entry fully associative iTLB/dTLB.
- - 32/64/128-entry 4-way set-associati.ve main TLB.
- - TLB locking support
- - Optional hardware page table walker.
- - Two groups of page size support.
- - 4KB & 1MB.
- - 8KB & 1MB.
- Memory Subsystem
- - I & D cache.
- - Virtually indexed and physically tagged.
- - Cache size: 8KB/16KB/32KB/64KB.
- - Cache line size: 16B/32B.
- - Set associativity: 2-way, 4-way or direct-mapped.
- - Cache locking support.
- - I & D local memory (LM).
- - Size: 4KB to 1MB.
- - Bank numbers: 1 or 2.
- - Optional 1D/2D DMA engine.
- - Internal or external to CPU core.
- Bus Interface
- - Synchronous/Asynchronous AHB bus: 0, 1 or 2 ports.
- - Synchronous High speed memory port.
- (HSMP): 0, 1 or 2 ports.
- Debug
- - JTAG debug interface.
- - Embedded debug module (EDM).
- - Optional embedded program tracer interface.
- Miscellaneous
- - Programmable data endian control.
- - Performance monitoring mechanism.
- The NDS32 ports of u-boot, the Linux kernel, the GNU toolchain and other
- associated software are actively supported by Andes Technology Corporation.
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