.TH CEM 1L 86/11/12 .SH NAME cem \- ACK C compiler .SH SYNOPSIS .B cem [ option ] ... file ... .SH DESCRIPTION .I Cem is a .I cc (1)-like C compiler that uses the C front-end compiler .I cemcom (1) of the Amsterdam Compiler Kit. .I Cem interprets its arguments not starting with a '\-' as source files, to be compiled by the various parts of the compilation process, which are listed below. File arguments whose names end with \fB.\fP\fIcharacter\fP are interpreted as follows: .IP .[ao] object file. .IP .[ci] C source code .IP .e EM assembler source file. .IP .k compact EM file, not yet optimized by the EM peephole optimizer. .IP .m compact EM file, already optimized by the peephole optimizer. .IP .s assembler file. .LP The actions to be taken by .I cem are directed by the type of file argument and the various options that are presented to it. .PP The following set of options, which is a mixture of options interpreted by .I cc (1) and .I ack (?) are interpreted by .I cem . (The options not specified here are passed to the loader.) .IP \fB\-B\fP\fIname\fP Use .I name as front-end compiler instead of the default .I cemcom (1). .br Same as "\fB\-Rcem=\fP\fIname\fP". .IP \fB\-C\fP Run C preprocessor .I /lib/cpp only and prevent it from eliding comments. .IP \fB\-D\fP\fIname\fP\fB=\fP\fIdef\fP Define the .I name to the preprocessor, as if by "#define". .IP \fB\-D\fP\fIname\fP .br Same as "\fB\-D\fP\fIname\fP\fB=1\fP". .IP \fB\-E\fP Run only the macro preprocessor on the named files and send the result to standard output. .IP \fB\-I\fP\fIdir\fP \&"#include" files whose names do not begin with '/' are always sought first in the directory of the \fIfile\fP argument, then in directories in \fB\-I\fP options, then in directories on a standard list (which in fact consists of "/usr/include"). .IP \fB\-L\fP\fIdir\fP Use \fIdir\fP as library-containing directory instead of the default. .IP \fB\-N\fP\fIc\fP Only effective if ACK pipeline is used. This option causes some default actions and options to be suppressed, according to .I c : .RS .IP \fBc\fP do not convert from EM a.out to local a.out format (i.e., skip the .B cv pass.) .IP \fBl\fP do not pass the default loader flags to the .B ld pass. .RE .IP \fB\-P\fP Same as \fB\-E\fP, but sending the result of input file \fIfile\fP\fB.[ceis]\fP to \fIfile\fP\fB.i\fP. .IP \fB\-R\fP Passed to \fIcemcom\fP(1) in order to parse the named C programs according to the C language as described in [K&R] (also called \fIRestricted\fP C). .IP \fB\-R\fP\fIprog\fP\fB=\fP\fIname\fP .br Use \fIname\fP as program for phase \fIprog\fP of the compilation instead of the default. \&\fIProg\fP is one of the following names: .RS .IP \fBcpp\fP macro preprocessor .IP \fBcem\fP front\-end compiler .IP \fBopt\fP EM peephole optimizer .IP \fBdecode\fP EM compact to EM assembler translator .IP \fBencode\fP EM assembler to EM compact translator .IP \fBbe\fP EM compact code to target\-machine assembly code compiler .IP \fBcg\fP same as \fBbe\fP .IP \fBas\fP assembler .IP \fBld\fP linker/loader .IP \fBcv\fP a.out format converting program (only if ACK pipeline is used) .RE .IP \fB\-R\fP\fIprog\fP\fB\-\fP\fIoption\fP .br Pass \fB\-\fP\fIoption\fP to the compilation phase indicated by \fIprog\fP. .IP \fB\-S\fP Same as \fB\-c.s\fP. .IP \fB\-U\fP\fIname\fP .br Remove any initial definition of \fIname\fP. .IP \fB\-V\fP\fIcm\fP.\fIn\fP,\ \fB\-V\fIcm\fP.\fIncm\fP.\fIn\fP\ ... .br Set the size and alignment requirements of the C constructs of the named C input files. The letter \fIc\fP indicates the simple type, which is one of \fBs\fP(short), \fBi\fP(int), \fBl\fP(long), \fBf\fP(float), \fBd\fP(double) or \fBp\fP(pointer). The \fIm\fP parameter can be used to specify the length of the type (in bytes) and the \fIn\fP parameter for the alignment of that type. Absence of \fIm\fP or \fIn\fP causes the default value to be retained. To specify that the bitfields should be right adjusted instead of the default left adjustment, specify \fBr\fP as \fIc\fP parameter without parameters. .br This option is passed directly to \fIcemcom\fP(1). .IP \fB\-c\fP Same as \fB\-c.o\fP. .IP \fB\-c.e\fP Produce human-readable EM assembly code on \fIfile\fP\fB.e\fP for the named files \fIfile\fP\fB.[cikm]\fP .IP \fB\-c.k\fP Compile C source \fIfile\fP\fB.[ci]\fP or encode human-readable EM assembly code from \fIfile\fP\fB.e\fP into non-optimized compact EM code and write the result on \fIfile\fP\fB.k\fP .IP \fB\-c.m\fP Compile C source \fIfile\fP\fB.[ci]\fP, translate non-optimized EM code from \fIfile\fP\fB.k\fP or encode EM assembly code from \fIfile\fP\fB.e\fP into optimized compact EM code and write the result on \fIfile\fP\fB.m\fP .IP \fB\-c.o\fP Suppress the loading phase of the compilation, and force an object file to be produced even if only one program is compiled .IP \fB\-c.s\fP Compile the named \fIfile\fP\fB.[ceikm]\fP input files, and leave the assembly language output on corresponding files suffixed ".s". .IP \fB\-k\fP Same as \fB\-c.k\fP. .IP \fB\-l\fP\fIname\fP .br Append the library \fBlib\fP\fIname\fP\fB.a\fP to the list of files that should be loaded and linked into the final output file. The library is searched for in the library directory. .IP \fB\-m\fP Same as \fB\-c.m\fP. .IP \fB\-o\fP\ \fIoutput\fP .br Name the final output file \fIoutput\fP. If this option is used, the default "a.out" will be left undisturbed. .IP \fB\-p\fP Produce EM profiling code (\fBfil\fP and \fBlin\fP instructions to enable an interpreter to keep track of the current location in the source code) .IP \fB\-t\fP Keep the intermediate files, produced during the various phases of the compilation. The produced files are named \fIfile\fP\fB.\fP\fIcharacter\fP where \&\fIcharacter\fP indicates the type of the file as listed before. .IP \fB\-v\fP Verbose. Print the commands before they are executed. .IP \fB\-vn\fP Do not really execute (for debugging purposes only). .IP \fB\-vd\fP Print some additional information (for debugging purposes only). .IP \fB\-\-\fP\fIanything\fP .br Equivalent to \fB\-Rcem\-\-\fP\fIanything\fP. The options .B \-\-C , .B \-\-E and .B \-\-P all have the same effect as respectively .B \-C , .B \-E and .B \-P except for the fact that the macro preprocessor is taken to be the built\-in preprocessor of the \fBcem\fP phase. Most "\-\-" options are used by .I cemcom (1) to set some internal debug switches. .LP .SH SEE ALSO cemcom(1), cc(1), ack(?), as(1), ld(1) .br .IP [K&R] B.W. Kernighan and D.M. Ritchie, \fIThe C Programming Language\fP, Prentice-Hall, 1978. .SH DIAGNOSTICS .I Cem reports any failure of its components. .SH BUGS .IP \(bu All intermediate files are placed in the current working directory which causes files with the same name as the intermediate files to be overwritten. .IP \(bu .B Cem only accepts a limited number of arguments to be passed to the components. (e.g., 256). .IP \(bu Please report suggestions and other bugs to erikb@vu44.uucp