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+/*
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+ * lcd128x64.c:
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+ * Graphics-based LCD driver.
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+ * This is designed to drive the parallel interface LCD drivers
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+ * based on the generic 12864H chips
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+ *
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+ * There are many variations on these chips, however they all mostly
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+ * seem to be similar.
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+ * This implementation has the Pins from the Pi hard-wired into it,
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+ * in particular wiringPi pins 0-7 so that we can use
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+ * digitalWriteByete() to speed things up somewhat.
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+ *
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+ * Copyright (c) 2013 Gordon Henderson.
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+ ***********************************************************************
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+ * This file is part of wiringPi:
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+ * https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/
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+ *
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+ * wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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+ * it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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+ * (at your option) any later version.
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+ *
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+ * wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
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+ *
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+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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+ * along with wiringPi. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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+ ***********************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+#include <stdio.h>
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+#include <stdlib.h>
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+
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+#include <wiringPi.h>
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+
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+#include "font.h"
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+#include "lcd128x64.h"
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+
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+// Size
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+
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+#define LCD_WIDTH 128
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+#define LCD_HEIGHT 64
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+
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+// Hardware Pins
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+// Note pins 0-7 are the 8-bit data port
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+
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+#define CS1 10
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+#define CS2 11
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+#define STROBE 12
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+#define RS 13
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+
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+// Software copy of the framebuffer
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+// it's 8-bit deep although the display itself is only 1-bit deep.
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+
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+static unsigned char frameBuffer [LCD_WIDTH * LCD_HEIGHT] ;
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+
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+static int maxX, maxY ;
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+static int lastX, lastY ;
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+static int xOrigin, yOrigin ;
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+static int lcdOrientation = 0 ;
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+
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+/*
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+ * strobe:
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+ * Toggle the strobe (Really the "E") pin to the device.
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+ * According to the docs, data is latched on the falling edge.
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+static void strobe (void)
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+{
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+ digitalWrite (STROBE, 1) ; delayMicroseconds (1) ;
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+ digitalWrite (STROBE, 0) ; delayMicroseconds (5) ;
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+}
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * sentData:
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+ * Send an data or command byte to the display.
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+static void sendData (const int data, const int chip)
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+{
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+ digitalWrite (chip, 0) ;
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+ digitalWriteByte (data) ;
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+ strobe () ;
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+ digitalWrite (chip, 1) ;
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+}
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * sendCommand:
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+ * Send a command byte to the display
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+static void sendCommand (const int command, const int chip)
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+{
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+ digitalWrite (RS, 0) ;
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+ sendData (command, chip) ;
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+ digitalWrite (RS, 1) ;
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+}
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * setCol: SetLine:
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+ * Set the column and line addresses
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+static void setCol (int col, const int chip)
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+ { sendCommand (0x40 | (col & 0x3F), chip) ; }
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+
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+static void setLine (int line, const int chip)
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+ { sendCommand (0xB8 | (line & 0x07), chip) ; }
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * lcd128x64update:
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+ * Copy our software version to the real display
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+void lcd128x64update (void)
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+{
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+ int line, x, y, fbLoc ;
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+ unsigned char byte ;
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+
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+// Left side
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+
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+ for (line = 0 ; line < 8 ; ++line)
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+ {
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+ setCol (0, CS1) ;
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+ setLine (line, CS1) ;
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+
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+ for (x = 63 ; x >= 0 ; --x)
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+ {
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+ byte = 0 ;
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+ for (y = 0 ; y < 8 ; ++y)
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+ {
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+ fbLoc = x + (((7 - line) * 8) + (7 - y)) * LCD_WIDTH ;
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+ if (frameBuffer [fbLoc] != 0)
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+ byte |= (1 << y) ;
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+ }
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+ sendData (byte, CS1) ;
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+ }
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+ }
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+
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+// Right side
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+
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+ for (line = 0 ; line < 8 ; ++line)
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+ {
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+ setCol (0, CS2) ;
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+ setLine (line, CS2) ;
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+
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+ for (x = 127 ; x >= 64 ; --x)
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+ {
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+ byte = 0 ;
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+ for (y = 0 ; y < 8 ; ++y)
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+ {
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+ fbLoc = x + (((7 - line) * 8) + (7 - y)) * LCD_WIDTH ;
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+ if (frameBuffer [fbLoc] != 0)
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+ byte |= (1 << y) ;
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+ }
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+ sendData (byte, CS2) ;
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+ }
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * lcd128x64setOrigin:
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+ * Set the display offset origin
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+void lcd128x64setOrigin (int x, int y)
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+{
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+ xOrigin = x ;
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+ yOrigin = y ;
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+}
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * lcd128x64setOrientation:
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+ * Set the display orientation:
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+ * 0: Normal, the display is portrait mode, 0,0 is top left
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+ * 1: Landscape
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+ * 2: Portrait, flipped
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+ * 3: Landscape, flipped
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+void lcd128x64setOrientation (int orientation)
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+{
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+ lcdOrientation = orientation & 3 ;
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+
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+ lcd128x64setOrigin (0,0) ;
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+
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+ switch (lcdOrientation)
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+ {
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+ case 0:
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+ maxX = LCD_WIDTH ;
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+ maxY = LCD_HEIGHT ;
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+ break ;
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+
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+ case 1:
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+ maxX = LCD_HEIGHT ;
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+ maxY = LCD_WIDTH ;
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+ break ;
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+
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+ case 2:
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+ maxX = LCD_WIDTH ;
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+ maxY = LCD_HEIGHT ;
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+ break ;
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+
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+ case 3:
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+ maxX = LCD_HEIGHT ;
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+ maxY = LCD_WIDTH ;
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+ break ;
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * lcd128x64orientCoordinates:
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+ * Adjust the coordinates given to the display orientation
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+void lcd128x64orientCoordinates (int *x, int *y)
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+{
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+ register int tmp ;
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+
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+ *x += xOrigin ;
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+ *y += yOrigin ;
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+ *y = maxY - *y - 1 ;
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+
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+ switch (lcdOrientation)
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+ {
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+ case 0:
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+ break;
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+
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+ case 1:
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+ tmp = maxY - *y - 1 ;
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+ *y = *x ;
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+ *x = tmp ;
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+ break;
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+
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+ case 2:
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+ *x = maxX - *x - 1 ;
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+ *y = maxY - *y - 1 ;
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+ break;
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+
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+ case 3:
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+ *x = maxX - *x - 1 ;
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+ tmp = *y ;
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+ *y = *x ;
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+ *x = tmp ;
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+ break ;
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * lcd128x64getScreenSize:
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+ * Return the max X & Y screen sizes. Needs to be called again, if you
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+ * change screen orientation.
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+void lcd128x64getScreenSize (int *x, int *y)
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+{
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+ *x = maxX ;
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+ *y = maxY ;
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+}
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ * Standard Graphical Functions
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * lcd128x64point:
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+ * Plot a pixel.
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+void lcd128x64point (int x, int y, int colour)
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+{
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+ lastX = x ;
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+ lastY = y ;
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+
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+ lcd128x64orientCoordinates (&x, &y) ;
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+
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+ if ((x < 0) || (x >= LCD_WIDTH) || (y < 0) || (y >= LCD_HEIGHT))
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+ return ;
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+
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+ frameBuffer [x + y * LCD_WIDTH] = colour ;
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+}
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * lcd128x64line: lcd128x64lineTo:
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+ * Classic Bressenham Line code
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+void lcd128x64line (int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, int colour)
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+{
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+ int dx, dy ;
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+ int sx, sy ;
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+ int err, e2 ;
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+
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+ lastX = x1 ;
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+ lastY = y1 ;
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+
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+ dx = abs (x1 - x0) ;
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+ dy = abs (y1 - y0) ;
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+
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+ sx = (x0 < x1) ? 1 : -1 ;
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+ sy = (y0 < y1) ? 1 : -1 ;
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+
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+ err = dx - dy ;
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+
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+ for (;;)
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+ {
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+ lcd128x64point (x0, y0, colour) ;
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+
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+ if ((x0 == x1) && (y0 == y1))
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+ break ;
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+
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+ e2 = 2 * err ;
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+
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+ if (e2 > -dy)
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+ {
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+ err -= dy ;
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+ x0 += sx ;
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+ }
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+
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+ if (e2 < dx)
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+ {
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+ err += dx ;
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+ y0 += sy ;
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+ }
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+ }
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+
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+}
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+
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+void lcd128x64lineTo (int x, int y, int colour)
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+{
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+ lcd128x64line (lastX, lastY, x, y, colour) ;
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+}
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * lcd128x64rectangle:
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+ * A rectangle is a spoilt days fishing
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+void lcd128x64rectangle (int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, int colour, int filled)
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+{
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+ register int x ;
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+
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+ if (filled)
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+ {
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+ /**/ if (x1 == x2)
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+ lcd128x64line (x1, y1, x2, y2, colour) ;
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+ else if (x1 < x2)
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+ for (x = x1 ; x <= x2 ; ++x)
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+ lcd128x64line (x, y1, x, y2, colour) ;
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+ else
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+ for (x = x2 ; x <= x1 ; ++x)
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+ lcd128x64line (x, y1, x, y2, colour) ;
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+ }
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+ else
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+ {
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+ lcd128x64line (x1, y1, x2, y1, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64lineTo (x2, y2, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64lineTo (x1, y2, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64lineTo (x1, y1, colour) ;
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * lcd128x64circle:
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+ * This is the midpoint circle algorithm.
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+void lcd128x64circle (int x, int y, int r, int colour, int filled)
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+{
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+ int ddF_x = 1 ;
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+ int ddF_y = -2 * r ;
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+
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+ int f = 1 - r ;
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+ int x1 = 0 ;
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+ int y1 = r ;
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+
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+ if (filled)
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+ {
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+ lcd128x64line (x, y + r, x, y - r, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64line (x + r, y, x - r, y, colour) ;
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+ }
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+ else
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+ {
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+ lcd128x64point (x, y + r, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (x, y - r, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (x + r, y, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (x - r, y, colour) ;
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+ }
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+
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+ while (x1 < y1)
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+ {
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+ if (f >= 0)
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+ {
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+ y1-- ;
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+ ddF_y += 2 ;
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+ f += ddF_y ;
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+ }
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+ x1++ ;
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+ ddF_x += 2 ;
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+ f += ddF_x ;
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+ if (filled)
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+ {
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+ lcd128x64line (x + x1, y + y1, x - x1, y + y1, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64line (x + x1, y - y1, x - x1, y - y1, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64line (x + y1, y + x1, x - y1, y + x1, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64line (x + y1, y - x1, x - y1, y - x1, colour) ;
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+ }
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+ else
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+ {
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+ lcd128x64point (x + x1, y + y1, colour) ; lcd128x64point (x - x1, y + y1, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (x + x1, y - y1, colour) ; lcd128x64point (x - x1, y - y1, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (x + y1, y + x1, colour) ; lcd128x64point (x - y1, y + x1, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (x + y1, y - x1, colour) ; lcd128x64point (x - y1, y - x1, colour) ;
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+ }
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * lcd128x64ellipse:
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+ * Fast ellipse drawing algorithm by
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+ * John Kennedy
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+ * Mathematics Department
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+ * Santa Monica College
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+ * 1900 Pico Blvd.
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+ * Santa Monica, CA 90405
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+ * jrkennedy6@gmail.com
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+ * -Confirned in email this algorithm is in the public domain -GH-
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+static void plot4ellipsePoints (int cx, int cy, int x, int y, int colour, int filled)
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+{
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+ if (filled)
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+ {
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+ lcd128x64line (cx + x, cy + y, cx - x, cy + y, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64line (cx - x, cy - y, cx + x, cy - y, colour) ;
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+ }
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+ else
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+ {
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+ lcd128x64point (cx + x, cy + y, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (cx - x, cy + y, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (cx - x, cy - y, colour) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (cx + x, cy - y, colour) ;
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+void lcd128x64ellipse (int cx, int cy, int xRadius, int yRadius, int colour, int filled)
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+{
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+ int x, y ;
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+ int xChange, yChange, ellipseError ;
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+ int twoAsquare, twoBsquare ;
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+ int stoppingX, stoppingY ;
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+
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+ twoAsquare = 2 * xRadius * xRadius ;
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+ twoBsquare = 2 * yRadius * yRadius ;
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+
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+ x = xRadius ;
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+ y = 0 ;
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+
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+ xChange = yRadius * yRadius * (1 - 2 * xRadius) ;
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+ yChange = xRadius * xRadius ;
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+
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+ ellipseError = 0 ;
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+ stoppingX = twoBsquare * xRadius ;
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+ stoppingY = 0 ;
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+
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+ while (stoppingX >= stoppingY) // 1st set of points
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+ {
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+ plot4ellipsePoints (cx, cy, x, y, colour, filled) ;
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+ ++y ;
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+ stoppingY += twoAsquare ;
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+ ellipseError += yChange ;
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+ yChange += twoAsquare ;
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+
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+ if ((2 * ellipseError + xChange) > 0 )
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+ {
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+ --x ;
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+ stoppingX -= twoBsquare ;
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+ ellipseError += xChange ;
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+ xChange += twoBsquare ;
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+ }
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+ }
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+
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+ x = 0 ;
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+ y = yRadius ;
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+
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+ xChange = yRadius * yRadius ;
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+ yChange = xRadius * xRadius * (1 - 2 * yRadius) ;
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+
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+ ellipseError = 0 ;
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+ stoppingX = 0 ;
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+ stoppingY = twoAsquare * yRadius ;
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+
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+ while (stoppingX <= stoppingY) //2nd set of points
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+ {
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+ plot4ellipsePoints (cx, cy, x, y, colour, filled) ;
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+ ++x ;
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+ stoppingX += twoBsquare ;
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+ ellipseError += xChange ;
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+ xChange += twoBsquare ;
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+
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+ if ((2 * ellipseError + yChange) > 0 )
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+ {
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+ --y ;
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+ stoppingY -= twoAsquare ;
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+ ellipseError += yChange ;
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+ yChange += twoAsquare ;
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+ }
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * lcd128x64putchar:
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+ * Print a single character to the screen
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+void lcd128x64putchar (int x, int y, int c, int bgCol, int fgCol)
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+{
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+ int y1, y2 ;
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+
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+ unsigned char line ;
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+ unsigned char *fontPtr ;
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+
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+// Can't print if we're offscreen
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+
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+//if ((x < 0) || (x >= (maxX - fontWidth)) || (y < 0) || (y >= (maxY - fontHeight)))
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+// return ;
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+
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+ fontPtr = font + c * fontHeight ;
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+
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+ for (y1 = fontHeight - 1 ; y1 >= 0 ; --y1)
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+ {
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+ y2 = y + y1 ;
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+ line = *fontPtr++ ;
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+ lcd128x64point (x + 0, y2, (line & 0x80) == 0 ? bgCol : fgCol) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (x + 1, y2, (line & 0x40) == 0 ? bgCol : fgCol) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (x + 2, y2, (line & 0x20) == 0 ? bgCol : fgCol) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (x + 3, y2, (line & 0x10) == 0 ? bgCol : fgCol) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (x + 4, y2, (line & 0x08) == 0 ? bgCol : fgCol) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (x + 5, y2, (line & 0x04) == 0 ? bgCol : fgCol) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (x + 6, y2, (line & 0x02) == 0 ? bgCol : fgCol) ;
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+ lcd128x64point (x + 7, y2, (line & 0x01) == 0 ? bgCol : fgCol) ;
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * lcd128x64puts:
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+ * Send a string to the display. Obeys \n and \r formatting
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+void lcd128x64puts (int x, int y, const char *str, int bgCol, int fgCol)
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+{
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+ int c, mx, my ;
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+
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+ mx = x ; my = y ;
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+
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+ while (*str)
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+ {
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+ c = *str++ ;
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+
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+ if (c == '\r')
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+ {
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+ mx = x ;
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+ continue ;
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+ }
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+
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+ if (c == '\n')
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+ {
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+ mx = x ;
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+ my -= fontHeight ;
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+ continue ;
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+ }
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+
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+ lcd128x64putchar (mx, my, c, bgCol, fgCol) ;
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+
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+ mx += fontWidth ;
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+ if (mx >= (maxX - fontWidth))
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+ {
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+ mx = 0 ;
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+ my -= fontHeight ;
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+ }
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * lcd128x64clear:
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+ * Clear the display to the given colour.
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+void lcd128x64clear (int colour)
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+{
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+ register int i ;
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+ register unsigned char *ptr = frameBuffer ;
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+
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+ for (i = 0 ; i < (maxX * maxY) ; ++i)
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+ *ptr++ = colour ;
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+}
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+/*
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+ * lcd128x64setup:
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+ * Initialise the display and GPIO.
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+ *********************************************************************************
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+ */
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+
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+int lcd128x64setup (void)
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+{
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+ int i ;
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+
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+ for (i = 0 ; i < 8 ; ++i)
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+ pinMode (i, OUTPUT) ;
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+
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+ digitalWrite (CS1, 1) ;
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+ digitalWrite (CS2, 1) ;
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+ digitalWrite (STROBE, 0) ;
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+ digitalWrite (RS, 1) ;
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+
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+ pinMode (CS1, OUTPUT) ;
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+ pinMode (CS2, OUTPUT) ;
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+ pinMode (STROBE, OUTPUT) ;
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+ pinMode (RS, OUTPUT) ;
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+
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+ sendCommand (0x3F, CS1) ; // Display ON
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+ sendCommand (0xC0, CS1) ; // Set display start line to 0
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+
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+ sendCommand (0x3F, CS2) ; // Display ON
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+ sendCommand (0xC0, CS2) ; // Set display start line to 0
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+
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+ lcd128x64clear (0) ;
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+ lcd128x64setOrientation (0) ;
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+ lcd128x64update () ;
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+
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+ return 0 ;
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+}
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